valsalva maneuver

close the mouth and nostrils and exhale the air, u will feel inc in pressure in ur ears, valsava maneuver is done ta change the heartbeat or to change the blood pressure.
valsalva maneuver is also done to empty bladder completely and is helpful for patients who has multiple sclerosis. this procedure is also helpful for premature ejaculators.
it is done to correct abnormal heart rates and releive chest pain. it is done to detach thrombus but it is prohibited for patients who have gone through recent heart attack. the person may feel dizzy while doing this procedure but risk factors are rare

sickle cell anemia

sickle cell anemia. the disease which is inherited, and most common in african americans. for this reason they r resistant tomalaria. deoxygenation, acidosis n dehydration makes the symptoms worse, the diseae may not come to a worse form because the cells are not polymerized altho they find it difficult to circulate so most of them get accumulated in the microvascular bed. causin infarction. the symptoms also get worse on acidosis. thalessemis makes the symtoms better, dehydration makes the symtoms worse. feto hb make the symtoms better. so if the patients are given hydroxyurea it will keep the hbf level elevated.... in this condition afraican americans have hbs trait which means that there is hb s type of hb. which has vaaline at 6th place of amino acid make inpace of glutamic acid. hba combines with hb s make it polymerized.it is not necessary that the sickle cell trait ppl are suffering from sickle cell disease. sickle cell disease is the one in which rbcs acquire sickle cell shape on xposure to prolong hypoxic conditions.