Know Your Medicine

Hemotology Slides (4th year)

2008-09-17T03:24:00.003+06:00

NORMAL BONE MARROW
NORMAL PERIPHERAL FILM
THALASSEMIA MAJOR
ACUTE LYMPHOBLASTIC LEUKEMIA
ACUTE MYELOGENOUS LEUKEMIA
CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA
CHRONIA MYELOGENOUS LEUKEMIA
IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA

Special Pathology Spots (4th year)

2008-09-17T03:08:00.004+06:00

TRANSITIONAL CELL CARCINOMA
LIPOMA
RECTAL POLYP
SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA
SQUAMOUS CELL PAPILLOMA
TERATOMA
FIBROADENOMA
GIANT CELL CARCINOMA
HYDATIFORM MOLE
HEPATITIS
LEIOMYOMA
ADENOCARCINOMA OF COLON
ADENOMYOSIS
BENIGN PROSTATE HYPERTROPHY
CIRRHOSIS
COLLOID GOITER

Chest X-Rays

2008-09-17T02:42:00.007+06:00

RAISED HEMIDIAPRAGM DUE TO HEPATOMEGALY
COMPENSATORY EMPHYSEMA
COMPLETE PLEURAL EFFUSION [RIGHT]
TB
UPPER ZONE COIN LESION [LEFT]
SLIT SIGN PLEURAL EFFUSION
PNEUMONIC PATCH
PNEUMOTHORAX [RIGHT]
PNEUMOTHORAX [RIGHT]
PULMONARY EDEMA
METASTASIS CANNON BALL APPEARANCE
METASTATIC TUMOR
MILIARY TB
PLEURAL EFFUSION
PLEURAL EFFUSION [RIGHT]
LOBAR PNEUMONIA
MIDDLE ZONE CONSOLIDATION ON LEFT AND RIGHT SIDED METASTASIS
LEFT SIDED CONSOLIDATION
LUNG ABSCESS [AP VIEW]
LEFT VENTRICULAR HYPERTROPHY
EMPHYSEMA
HYDATID CYST
HYDROPNEUMOTHORX
HYDROPNEUMOTHORAX
HYDROPNEUMOTHORAX
CARDIOMEGALY [PACEMAKER]
CARDIOMEGALY
CONSOLIDATION
EMPHYSEMA
EMPHYSEMA
ASTHMA HYPERINFLATION
BRONCHIECTASIS HONEY COMB APPEARANCE
BRONCHIOGENIC CARCINOMA
CARDIOMEGALY
CARDIOMEGALY

General Pathology Spots

2008-09-13T22:05:00.005+06:00

HYDATIFORM MOLE
TAPEWORM

LEIOMYOMA
FIBROADENOMA
LIPOMA
HYDATIFORM MOLE
HYDATID CYST
KELOID
PROSTATE GLANDULAR HYPERPLASIA
GANGRENE FOOT

LEIOMYOMA
CHRONIC CHOLECYSTITIS
GALLSTONES
GUINAE WORM
ACUTE APPENDICITIS
ASCARIS LUMBRICOIDES

General Pathology Slides

2008-09-13T21:46:00.008+06:00

THROMBUS
FIBROADENOMA
GIANT CELL TUMOR
HYDATIFROM MOLE
LEIOMYOMA
SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA
COAGULATIVE NECROSIS
APPENDICITIS
KELOID
BENIGN PROSTATE HYPERTROPHY
CASEOUS NECROSIS
LIPOMA
GRANULOMA
GIANT CELL TUMOR

CONGESTION
CHRONIC CHOLECYSTITIS

Forensic Toxicology Spots

2008-09-13T20:33:00.006+06:00

[LHS] OXALIC ACID, POWDERED GLASS, BAKING SODA [RHS]
NAPHTHALENE
NUX VOMICA
OPIUM FRUIT
OPIUM SEEDS
OXALIC ACID
DHATURA NIGRA
HAIR
KEROSINE
MARKING NUT
[LHS] MECHANICAL POWDER AND BAKING SODA [RHS]
CHARCOL
COPPER
BAKING SODA
CROTON TIGLIUM
DHATURA ALBA
ABRUS PRECATORIOUS
CAPSICUM CHILLI
[LHS] CARBOLIC ACID, SULPHURIC ACID, NITRIC ACID, KEROSINE [RHS]
CASTOR OIL SEEDS
CHARAS

Medical Instruments

2008-09-07T14:51:00.005+06:00

NASOGASTRIC TUBE
SCALP VEIN (BUTTERFLY CANNULA FOR CHILDREN)
TRUE CUT NEEDLE FOR BIOPSY
TRUE CUT NEEDLE FOR LIVER BIOPSY
INSULIN SYRINGE
IV CANNULA
IV CANNULA
LUMBAR PUNCTURE NEEDLE
LUMBAR PUNCTURE NEEDLE
CHEST TUBE WITH TROCAR
CHEST TUBE WITH TROCAR
CUFFED ENDOTRACHEAL TUBE
GUDDLE'S AIRWAY
GUDDLE'S AIRWAY
5CC DISPOSABLE SYRINGE
CATHETAR TIP SYRINGE
CATHETAR TIP SYRINGE
CHEST TUBE (CHEST DRAIN)
CHEST TUBE (CHEST DRAIN)

Signs and Symptoms of hepatic failure

2008-09-07T02:24:00.000+06:00

signs and symptoms of hepatic faiure
1- jaundice and cholestasis.
2- palmar erythema seen in hands due to dilatation of the arteries.
3- duputyren's contracture seen in hands and the patient's hand is contracted, this is due to the fibrosis of the palmar fascia.
4- spider angiomas. this is the dilation of veins of the neck and arms.
5- hypogonadism and gynaecomastia due to hyperesterogenemia.
6- hypoalbumenia may result in peripheral edema.
7- hypoglycemia
8- hyperuremia
9- fetor hepaticus, this is the musty smell
10- weight loss
11- muscle weakness
12- caput medusae, visible veins on the abdomen
13- ascites
14- hypersplenism
15- esophageal varices
16- hemorrhoids.
17- it may complicate into the following
i) hepatocellular carcinoma
ii) hepatorenal syndrome.
iii) increase prothrombin time due to the lack of formation of clotting factors.

Community Medicine spots

2008-09-07T01:42:00.001+06:00

TB SPINE
VACCINE CARRIER
VITAMIN A
VITAMIN A
WHOOPING COUGH
RIBOFLAVIN DEFICIENCY
RICIS SARDONICUS
RICKET ROSARY
RICKETS
SALTER'S SCALE
NASAL DIPHTHERIA
ORS
OUTSIDE THE BOX
POLIO
POPULATION PYRAMID
LEPROSY
MCC
MEASELS
MENINGITIS
MIDARM CIRCUMFERENCE
HEAD CIRCUMFERENCE
ICEBOX
INFANTOMETER
INSIDE THE BOX
KWASHIORKOR
DIPHTHERIA
DIPHTHERIA
DIPHTHERIA
DIPHTHERIA WITH TRACHEOSECTOMY
ENGNORM
BCG VACCINATION
CERVICAL LYMPHADENITIS
CHICKEN POX
CHICKEN POX
CONTRACEPTIVE PILLS

Cirrhosis of liver

2008-09-07T00:39:00.000+06:00

cirrhosis of liver
THis is the end stage liver disease charecterized by the disurption in liver parenchyma architechture by the formation of collagen fibers that divide the liver in to nodules.
what are the causes of cirrhosis
1- alcohol intake
2- viral hepatitis
3- wilson's disease
4- hemochromotosis
5- alpha one antitrypsin deficiency
6- crytogenic
7- biliary tract diseases
these are the most common seven causes of liver cirrhosis.
in addition to that it may also be drug induced i.e. alpha methyl dopa.
what are micro nodular and macro nodular
the difference btw the two is micronodular is less than 3 mm and macronodular is more than 3 mm but in cirrhosis, it may have both macronodular and micronodular pattern.
cirrhosis of liver is also seen in children and infants.
cirrhosis of liver has signs of
1- hepatic failure.
2- it may develop in to hepatocellular carcinoma.
3- it may develop portal hypertension.

valsalva maneuver

2008-08-17T16:15:00.000+06:00

close the mouth and nostrils and exhale the air, u will feel inc in pressure in ur ears, valsava maneuver is done ta change the heartbeat or to change the blood pressure.
valsalva maneuver is also done to empty bladder completely and is helpful for patients who has multiple sclerosis. this procedure is also helpful for premature ejaculators.
it is done to correct abnormal heart rates and releive chest pain. it is done to detach thrombus but it is prohibited for patients who have gone through recent heart attack. the person may feel dizzy while doing this procedure but risk factors are rare

sickle cell anemia

2008-08-10T14:06:00.000+06:00

sickle cell anemia. the disease which is inherited, and most common in african americans. for this reason they r resistant tomalaria. deoxygenation, acidosis n dehydration makes the symptoms worse, the diseae may not come to a worse form because the cells are not polymerized altho they find it difficult to circulate so most of them get accumulated in the microvascular bed. causin infarction. the symptoms also get worse on acidosis. thalessemis makes the symtoms better, dehydration makes the symtoms worse. feto hb make the symtoms better. so if the patients are given hydroxyurea it will keep the hbf level elevated.... in this condition afraican americans have hbs trait which means that there is hb s type of hb. which has vaaline at 6th place of amino acid make inpace of glutamic acid. hba combines with hb s make it polymerized.it is not necessary that the sickle cell trait ppl are suffering from sickle cell disease. sickle cell disease is the one in which rbcs acquire sickle cell shape on xposure to prolong hypoxic conditions.